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07_SpringBoot_Web开发_配置嵌入式Servlet容器

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07_SpringBoot_Web开发_配置嵌入式Servlet容器

SpringBoot默认使用容器

SpringBoot默认使用的是嵌入式的Servelt(Tomcat);

查看SpringBoot依赖使用的Servlet容器

提出疑问

如何定制和修改Servlet容器的相关配置

如何定制和修改Servlet容器的相关配置;

  • 修改和server有关的配置即可(ServerProperties文件定义)

    server.servlet.context-path=/tomxwd
    server.port=8080
    
    server.tomcat.uri-encoding=UTF-8
    
    # 通用的Servlet容器设置
    server.xxx
    # Tomcat的设置
    server.tomcat.xxx
    
  • 编写一个EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer(SpringBoot2.x版本为WebServerFactoryCustomizer替代):嵌入式的Servlet容器的定制器,来修改Servlet容器的配置。

    @Bean
    public WebServerFactoryCustomizer<ConfigurableWebServerFactory> webServerFactoryCustomizer(){
        return new WebServerFactoryCustomizer<ConfigurableWebServerFactory>() {
    
            // 定制嵌入式的Servlet容器相关规则
            @Override
            public void customize(ConfigurableWebServerFactory factory) {
                factory.setPort(8888);
            }
        };
    }
    

    这里是2.x版本的,1.x版本的是注入EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer,且没有泛型,直接使用container.setPort()即可。

    在1.x中ServerProperties是直接实现了EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer,所以二者走的底层是一样的。

    在SpringBoot中会有很多XxxCustomizer帮助我们进行定制配置。

如何注册Servlet、Filter、Listener三大组件

如何注册Servlet、Filter、Listener三大组件,以往Web项目中会有/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml提供注册,现在用嵌入式的Servlet如何进行注册。

由于SpringBoot默认是以jar包的方式启动嵌入式的Servlet容器来启动SpringBoot的Web应用,没有web.xml文件。所以注册三大组件用以下的方式。

ServletRegistrationBean

编写Servlet

public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet {

    // 处理get请求
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(req,resp);
    }

    // 处理post请求
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        resp.getWriter().write("Hello MyServlet");
    }
}

注册到Spring容器中:

// 注册三大组件
// 1. Servlet
@Bean
public ServletRegistrationBean<MyServlet> myServlet(){
    ServletRegistrationBean<MyServlet> servletServletRegistrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean<>(new MyServlet(),"/myServlet");
    servletServletRegistrationBean.setLoadOnStartup(1);
    return servletServletRegistrationBean;
}

最后通过访问/myServlet可以看到页面输出“Hello MyServlet”证明已成功注册。

FilterRegistrationBean

编写Filter:

public class MyFilter implements Filter {

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        System.out.println("MyFilter process...");
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);
    }

    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
        System.out.println("MyFilter初始化");
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {
        System.out.println("MyFilter销毁");
    }
}

注册到Spring容器中:

// 2. Filter
@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean<MyFilter> filterFilterRegistrationBean(){
    FilterRegistrationBean<MyFilter> registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean<>(new MyFilter());
    registrationBean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/hello","/myServlet"));
    return registrationBean;
}

在访问/hello,/myServlet的时候回进行过滤操作,输出MyFilter process...

ServletListenerRegistrationBean

编写Listener:

public class MyListener implements ServletContextListener {
    @Override
    public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent sce) {
        System.out.println("contextInitialized...web应用启动");
    }

    @Override
    public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent sce) {
        System.out.println("contextDestroyed...当前web应用销毁");
    }
}

注册到Spring容器中:

// 3. Listener
@Bean
public ServletListenerRegistrationBean<MyListener> servletListenerRegistrationBean(){
    ServletListenerRegistrationBean<MyListener> listenerRegistrationBean = new ServletListenerRegistrationBean<>();
    listenerRegistrationBean.setListener(new MyListener());
    return listenerRegistrationBean;
}

观察控制台,在项目启动的时候,会输出contextInitialized...web应用启动;正常退出项目(Exit)的时候,会输出contextDestroyed...当前web应用销毁

举例说明

最好的例子是SpringBoot在帮我们自动配置SpringMVC的时候,自动注册了SpringMVC的前端控制器(DispatcherServlet);

@Bean(name = {"dispatcherServletRegistration"})
@ConditionalOnBean(
    value = {DispatcherServlet.class},
    name = {"dispatcherServlet"}
)
public DispatcherServletRegistrationBean dispatcherServletRegistration(DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet) {
    // 默认拦截为/,包括了静态资源,但是不拦截jps请求; /*会拦截jsp
    // 可以通过修改spring.mvc.servlet.path=来修改默认拦截的路径,SpringBoot1.x版本为server.servletPath来修改前端控制器默认拦截的请求路径
    DispatcherServletRegistrationBean registration = new DispatcherServletRegistrationBean(dispatcherServlet, this.webMvcProperties.getServlet().getPath());
    registration.setName("dispatcherServlet");
    registration.setLoadOnStartup(this.webMvcProperties.getServlet().getLoadOnStartup());
    if (this.multipartConfig != null) {
        registration.setMultipartConfig(this.multipartConfig);
    }

    return registration;
}

SpringBoot能不能支持其他的Servlet容器

查看SpringBoot默认可支持的几个Servlet容器;

SpringBoot默认支持的Servlet

  1. Tomcat(默认使用)

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    

    引入Web模块的时候默认就是使用嵌入式Tomcat作为Servlet容器的。

  2. Jetty(长连接)

  3. UnderTow(不支持JSP)

切换其他容器

想要切换就两个步骤:

  1. 排除tomcat的start依赖

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>
    
  2. 引入其他容器的starter

    • 切换为Jetty:

      <!-- 引入其他的Servlet容器 -->
      <!-- Jetty -->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
      </dependency>
      
    • 切换为UnderTow

      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactId>
      </dependency>
      

嵌入式Servlet容器自动配置原理

SpringBoot1.x版本

SpringBoot1.x看EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration类;

  • EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration:

    @AutoConfigureOrder(-2147483648)
    @Configuration
    @ConditionalOnWebApplication
    @Import({EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration.BeanPostProcessorsRegistrar.class})
    // 导入BeanPostProcessorsRegistrar,给容器中导入一些组件
    // 导入了EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor:后置处理器:bean初始化前后(创建完对象,还没属性赋值)执行初始化工作
    public class EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration {
    
    
        @Configuration
        @ConditionalOnClass({Servlet.class, Tomcat.class})//判断当前是否引入了tomcat依赖
        @ConditionalOnMissingBean(
            value = {EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class},
            search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT
        )//这个类会先判断是否有用户自定义的EmbeddedServletContainerFactory:嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂:作用是创建嵌入式的Servlet容器。
        public static class EmbeddedTomcat {
            public EmbeddedTomcat() {
            }
    
            @Bean
            public TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory tomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
                return new TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
            }
        }
    
  • EmbeddedServletContainerFactory(嵌入式Servlet容器工厂):

    public interface EmbeddedServletContainerFactory{
        // 获取嵌入式的Servlet容器 
        EmbeddedServletContainer getEmbeddedServletContainer(ServletContextInitalizer...initalizers)
    }
    

    EmbeddedServletContainerFactory

  • EmbeddedServletContainer(嵌入式的Servlet容器)

    EmbeddedServletContainer

以嵌入式的Tomcat容器工厂(TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory)为例
@Override
public EmbeddedServletContainer getEmbeddedServletContainer(
      ServletContextInitializer... initializers) {
    // 创建一个Tomcat
   Tomcat tomcat = new Tomcat();
    
    // 配置Tomcat的基本环境
   File baseDir = (this.baseDirectory != null) ? this.baseDirectory
         : createTempDir("tomcat");
   tomcat.setBaseDir(baseDir.getAbsolutePath());
    // 连接器
   Connector connector = new Connector(this.protocol);
   tomcat.getService().addConnector(connector);
   customizeConnector(connector);
   tomcat.setConnector(connector);
   tomcat.getHost().setAutoDeploy(false);
    // 引擎
   configureEngine(tomcat.getEngine());
   for (Connector additionalConnector : this.additionalTomcatConnectors) {
      tomcat.getService().addConnector(additionalConnector);
   }
   prepareContext(tomcat.getHost(), initializers);
    
    // 将配置好的Tomcat传入进去,返回一个EmbeddedServletContainer嵌入式的Servlet容器;并且启动Tomcat容器
   return getTomcatEmbeddedServletContainer(tomcat);
}
我们对嵌入式容器的配置修改是怎么生效的?
  1. 修改ServerProperties里的东西
  2. EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer嵌入式Servlet容器的定制器

EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer:定制器帮我们修改了Servlet容器的配置,原理如下:

容器中也导入了EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor

// 初始化之前
@Override
public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName)
      throws BeansException {
    // 如果当前初始化的是ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer这个类型的组件,就调用初始化方法
   if (bean instanceof ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer) {
      postProcessBeforeInitialization((ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer) bean);
   }
   return bean;
}

private void postProcessBeforeInitialization(
    ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer bean) {
    // 获取所有的定制器,调用每一个定制器的customize方法来给Servlet容器进行属性赋值
    for (EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer customizer : getCustomizers()) {
        customizer.customize(bean);
    }
}

private Collection<EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer> getCustomizers() {
    if (this.customizers == null) {
        // Look up does not include the parent context
        // 只有一个核心:从容器中获取所有这个类型的组件:EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer
        // 得到结论:想要定制Servlet容器,给容器中添加一个EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer类型的组件,而ServerProperties也是这个组件类型。 
        this.customizers = new ArrayList<EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer>(
            this.beanFactory
            .getBeansOfType(EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer.class,
                            false, false)
            .values());
        Collections.sort(this.customizers, AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.INSTANCE);
        this.customizers = Collections.unmodifiableList(this.customizers);
    }
    return this.customizers;
}
嵌入式容器生效步骤
  1. SpringBoot根据导入的依赖情况,给容器中添加相应的EmbeddedServletContainerFactory如【TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory

  2. 容器中某个组件要创建对象就会惊动后置处理器(EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor)进行工作;

    只要是嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂,后置处理器就工作。

  3. 后置处理器就会从容器中获取所有的EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer调用定制器的定制方法

SpringBoot2.x版本

SpringBoot2.x看EmbeddedWebServerFactoryCustomizerAutoConfiguration类;

EmbeddedWebServerFactoryCustomizerAutoConfiguration:嵌入式的Servlet容器自动配置:

@Configuration
@ConditionalOnWebApplication
@EnableConfigurationProperties({ServerProperties.class})
public class EmbeddedWebServerFactoryCustomizerAutoConfiguration {
    public EmbeddedWebServerFactoryCustomizerAutoConfiguration() {
    }

    @Configuration
    @ConditionalOnClass({HttpServer.class})
    public static class NettyWebServerFactoryCustomizerConfiguration {
        public NettyWebServerFactoryCustomizerConfiguration() {
        }

        @Bean
        public NettyWebServerFactoryCustomizer nettyWebServerFactoryCustomizer(Environment environment, ServerProperties serverProperties) {
            return new NettyWebServerFactoryCustomizer(environment, serverProperties);
        }
    }

    @Configuration
    @ConditionalOnClass({Undertow.class, SslClientAuthMode.class})// 判断当前是否引入了Undertow依赖
    public static class UndertowWebServerFactoryCustomizerConfiguration {
        public UndertowWebServerFactoryCustomizerConfiguration() {
        }

        @Bean
        public UndertowWebServerFactoryCustomizer undertowWebServerFactoryCustomizer(Environment environment, ServerProperties serverProperties) {
            return new UndertowWebServerFactoryCustomizer(environment, serverProperties);
        }
    }

    @Configuration
    @ConditionalOnClass({Server.class, Loader.class, WebAppContext.class})// 判断当前是否引入了jetty依赖
    public static class JettyWebServerFactoryCustomizerConfiguration {
        public JettyWebServerFactoryCustomizerConfiguration() {
        }

        @Bean
        public JettyWebServerFactoryCustomizer jettyWebServerFactoryCustomizer(Environment environment, ServerProperties serverProperties) {
            return new JettyWebServerFactoryCustomizer(environment, serverProperties);
        }
    }

    @Configuration
    @ConditionalOnClass({Tomcat.class, UpgradeProtocol.class})//判断当前是否引入了tomcat依赖
    public static class TomcatWebServerFactoryCustomizerConfiguration {
        public TomcatWebServerFactoryCustomizerConfiguration() {
        }

        @Bean
        public TomcatWebServerFactoryCustomizer tomcatWebServerFactoryCustomizer(Environment environment, ServerProperties serverProperties) {
            return new TomcatWebServerFactoryCustomizer(environment, serverProperties);
        }
    }
}

未进行探究(待续!)

嵌入式Servlet容器启动原理

什么时候创建嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂,什么时候获取嵌入式Servlet容器并启动Tomcat;

获取嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂:

  1. SpringBoot应用启动运行run方法

  2. refreshContext(context):SpringBoot刷新ioc容器【创建ioc容器对象,并初始化容器,创建容器中的每一个组件】;如果是Web应用创建AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext否则创建AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;

  3. refresh(context):刷新刚才创建好的ioc容器;

    @Override
    public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
       synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
          // Prepare this context for refreshing.
          prepareRefresh();
    
          // Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
          ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
    
          // Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
          prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
    
          try {
             // Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
             postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
    
             // Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
             invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
    
             // Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
             registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
    
             // Initialize message source for this context.
             initMessageSource();
    
             // Initialize event multicaster for this context.
             initApplicationEventMulticaster();
    
             // Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
             onRefresh();
    
             // Check for listener beans and register them.
             registerListeners();
    
             // Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
             finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);
    
             // Last step: publish corresponding event.
             finishRefresh();
          }
    
          catch (BeansException ex) {
             if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
                logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
                      "cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
             }
    
             // Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
             destroyBeans();
    
             // Reset 'active' flag.
             cancelRefresh(ex);
    
             // Propagate exception to caller.
             throw ex;
          }
    
          finally {
             // Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
             // might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
             resetCommonCaches();
          }
       }
    }
    
  4. onRefresh();的时候,Web的ioc容器(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext)重写了onRefresh方法

    @Override
    protected void onRefresh() {
       super.onRefresh();
       try {
          createEmbeddedServletContainer();
       }
       catch (Throwable ex) {
          throw new ApplicationContextException("Unable to start embedded container",
                ex);
       }
    }
    
  5. Web的ioc容器会创建嵌入式的Servlet容器:**createEmbeddedServletContainer();**方法;

    private void createEmbeddedServletContainer() {
       EmbeddedServletContainer localContainer = this.embeddedServletContainer;
       ServletContext localServletContext = getServletContext();
       if (localContainer == null && localServletContext == null) {
          EmbeddedServletContainerFactory containerFactory = getEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
          this.embeddedServletContainer = containerFactory
                .getEmbeddedServletContainer(getSelfInitializer());
       }
       else if (localServletContext != null) {
          try {
             getSelfInitializer().onStartup(localServletContext);
          }
          catch (ServletException ex) {
             throw new ApplicationContextException("Cannot initialize servlet context",
                   ex);
          }
       }
       initPropertySources();
    }
    
  6. 获取嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂:

    EmbeddedServletContainerFactory containerFactory = getEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
    

    在ioc中获取:

    String[] beanNames = getBeanFactory()
          .getBeanNamesForType(EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class);
    

    从ioc容器中获取EmbeddedServletContainerFactory【嵌入式Servlet容器工厂】组件,如【TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory】创建对象,后置处理器一看是这个对象,就获取所有的定制器来先定制Servlet容器的相关配置;

  7. 使用容器工厂获取嵌入式的Servlet容器:

    this.embeddedServletContainer = containerFactory
          .getEmbeddedServletContainer(getSelfInitializer());
    
  8. 嵌入式的Servlet容器创建对象并启动Servlet容器;【tomcat启动(this.tomcat.start())】

    先启动嵌入式的Servlet容器,再将ioc容器中剩下没有创建出来的对象获取出来;

  9. ***总结:***ioc容器启动创建嵌入式的Servlet容器

使用外置的Servlet容器

  • 嵌入式Servlet容器:

    应用打成可执行的jar包;

    ​ **优点:**简单、便捷

    ​ **缺点:**默认不支持JSP、优化定制比较复杂(使用定制器【ServerProperties】、【自定义EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer】、【自己编写嵌入式Servlet容器的创建工厂EmbeddedServletContainerFactory】);

  • 外置的Servlet容器:

    外面安装Tomcat----应用war包的方式打包;

    建项目的时候选择war包形式,然后要用tomcat来启动,注意版本搭配。

    步骤:

    1. 创建一个war项目(利用idea创建好目录结构)

    2. 将嵌入式的tomcat指定为provided

      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
          <scope>provided</scope>
      </dependency>
      
    3. 必须编写一个SpringBootServletInitializer的子类,并调用configure方法

      public class ServletInitializer extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
      
          @Override
          protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
              // 传入SpringBoot应用的主程序
              return application.sources(SpringBootMvcWarApplication.class);
          }
      
      }
      
    4. 启动服务器即可。

外置Servlet启动原理

原理:

jar包:执行SpringBoot主类的main方法,启动ioc容器,创建嵌入式的Servlet容器;

war包:启动服务器,然后服务器启动SpringBoot应用【SpringBootServletInitializer】,启动ioc容器;

servlet3.0规范:

规则:

  1. 服务器启动(web应用启动)会创建当前web应用里面的每一个jar包里面的ServletContainerInitalizer的实例
  2. ServletContainerInitalizer的实现放在jar包的META-INF/services文件夹下,有一个名为javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer的文件,内容就是ServletContainerInitalizer的实现类的全类名。
  3. 还可以使用**@HandlesTypes**注解,在应用启动的时候加载我们感兴趣的类。

流程:

  1. 启动Tomcat

  2. org\springframework\spring-web\5.1.8.RELEASE\spring-web-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar!\META-INF\services\javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer:

    Spring的web模块里面有这个文件,内容就是org.springframework.web.SpringServletContainerInitializer说明在应用启动的时候要启动他

  3. SpringServletContainerInitializer将@HandlesTypes(WebApplicationInitializer.class)标注的所有这个类型的类都传入到onStartup方法的Set<Class<?>>;为这些(WebApplicationInitializer)类型的类创建实例;

  4. 每一个WebApplicationInitializer都调用自己的onStartup方法。

    WebApplicationInitializer

  5. 相当于我们的SpringBootServletInitalizer的类会被创建对象,并执行onStartup方法

  6. SpringBootServletInitalizer实例执行onStartup的时候会createRootApplicationContext;创建容器

    protected WebApplicationContext createRootApplicationContext(ServletContext servletContext) {
        // 1、 创建SpringApplicationBuilder(spring应用的构建器)
        SpringApplicationBuilder builder = this.createSpringApplicationBuilder();
        builder.main(this.getClass());
        ApplicationContext parent = this.getExistingRootWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
        if (parent != null) {
            this.logger.info("Root context already created (using as parent).");
            servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, (Object)null);
            builder.initializers(new ApplicationContextInitializer[]{new ParentContextApplicationContextInitializer(parent)});
        }
    
        builder.initializers(new ApplicationContextInitializer[]{new ServletContextApplicationContextInitializer(servletContext)});
        builder.contextClass(AnnotationConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext.class);
        // 2、 调用configure方法,子类重写了这个方法,将SpringBoot的主程序类传进来。
        builder = this.configure(builder);
        builder.listeners(new ApplicationListener[]{new SpringBootServletInitializer.WebEnvironmentPropertySourceInitializer(servletContext)});
        // 3、 使用builder创建一个Spring应用
        SpringApplication application = builder.build();
        if (application.getAllSources().isEmpty() && AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(this.getClass(), Configuration.class) != null) {
            application.addPrimarySources(Collections.singleton(this.getClass()));
        }
    
        Assert.state(!application.getAllSources().isEmpty(), "No SpringApplication sources have been defined. Either override the configure method or add an @Configuration annotation");
        if (this.registerErrorPageFilter) {
            application.addPrimarySources(Collections.singleton(ErrorPageFilterConfiguration.class));
        }
    	// 4、 启动Spring
        return this.run(application);
    }
    
  7. Spring的应用就启动并创建IOC容器。

    public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) {
        StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
        stopWatch.start();
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null;
        Collection<SpringBootExceptionReporter> exceptionReporters = new ArrayList();
        this.configureHeadlessProperty();
        SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = this.getRunListeners(args);
        listeners.starting();
    
        Collection exceptionReporters;
        try {
            ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(args);
            ConfigurableEnvironment environment = this.prepareEnvironment(listeners, applicationArguments);
            this.configureIgnoreBeanInfo(environment);
            Banner printedBanner = this.printBanner(environment);
            context = this.createApplicationContext();
            exceptionReporters = this.getSpringFactoriesInstances(SpringBootExceptionReporter.class, new Class[]{ConfigurableApplicationContext.class}, context);
            this.prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments, printedBanner);
            // 刷新IOC容器
            this.refreshContext(context);
            this.afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments);
            stopWatch.stop();
            if (this.logStartupInfo) {
                (new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass)).logStarted(this.getApplicationLog(), stopWatch);
            }
    
            listeners.started(context);
            this.callRunners(context, applicationArguments);
        } catch (Throwable var10) {
            this.handleRunFailure(context, var10, exceptionReporters, listeners);
            throw new IllegalStateException(var10);
        }
    
        try {
            listeners.running(context);
            return context;
        } catch (Throwable var9) {
            this.handleRunFailure(context, var9, exceptionReporters, (SpringApplicationRunListeners)null);
            throw new IllegalStateException(var9);
        }
    }
    

总结启动原理:

  • Servlet3.0标准ServletContainerInitializer扫描的所有jar包中的META-INF/services/javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer文件指定的类并加载这个类
  • 加载spring web包下的SpringServletContainerInitializer
  • 扫描@HandleType(WebApplicationInitializer)
  • 加载SpringBootServletInitializer并运行onStartup方法
  • 加载@SpringBootApplication主类,启动容器等。

总的来说就是先启动Servlet容器,再启动SpringBoot应用。

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